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The Buenos Aires Underground ((スペイン語:Subterráneo de Buenos Aires)), locally known as Subte ((:ˈsubte), from ''subterráneo'' – 'underground' or 'subterranean') is a mass transit metro system that serves the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The first section of this network (Plaza de Mayo-Plaza Miserere) opened in 1913, making it the first underground railway in Latin America, the Southern Hemisphere and the Spanish speaking world,〔(Se cumplieron 100 años del primer viaje en subte ) - Ambito, 1 December 2013.〕 with the Madrid Metro opening five years later in 1919.〔(La historia de 100 años del primer subte de América del Sur ) - Perfil, 1 December 2013.〕〔(Background and Inauguration in 1919 ) - Metro de Madrid]〕 The network expanded rapidly during the early decades of the 20th century, but the pace of expansion fell sharply after the Second World War. In the late 1990s expansion resumed at a quicker pace, and four new lines were planned for the network. Despite this, the rate of expansion has still been largely exceeded by the transportation needs of the city and once again the network has become overcrowded. Currently, the underground network's six lines comprise of route, serving 83 stations. At present, Buenos Aires is the only Argentine city with a metro system, but there is a proposal to build a metro in the city of Córdoba (the Córdoba Metro), while a proposal to build a metro in Rosario was shelved in favour of a tramway network.〔Diario (La Voz Del Interior )〕〔(Retoman el proyecto para licitar un tranvía metropolitano ) - 21 July 2015.〕 ==History== Discussions on the need to build an underground transportation system in Buenos Aires began in the late nineteenth century, alongside the tramway system, which was one of the most extensive in the world at the time. The first trams appeared in 1870 and in about 1900 were in a crisis exacerbated by the monopolization of the companies, a process initiated against the electrification of the system.〔(APUNTES SOBRE LA HISTORIA DEL TRANVÍA EN BUENOS AIRES ) - AAT〕 In this context, the first proposals for the building of an underground system were made, along with requests for government grants: first, in 1886, and several more in 1889, but the Ministry of Interior (''Ministerio del Interior'', in Spanish) denied the city administration the power to license building in the subsoil of the City. For this reason, subsequent drafts were submitted directly to this ministry.〔L. Contreras y N. Tkach (2007), ''Buenos Aires y el Transporte'', p.72, Colección cuadernos educativos, Ministerio de Cultura de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires.〕 When in 1894 it was decided to construct the Congress building in its present location, the underground idea was revived, as it might shorten the travel time between the Casa Rosada and the Congress (with the same purpose there were also plans to build an electric aerial tramway to go down the Avenida de Mayo). Miguel Cané, former Mayor of Buenos Aires (1892–1893), also expressed in 1896 the need to build an underground railway similar to the one in London.〔Justo Solsona y Carlos Hunter (1990). (La Avenida de Mayo: un proyecto inconcluso ) ''(Avenida de Mayo: an unfinished project)'' – (Spanish) – Solsona - Hunter Librería Técnica – (pps. ( 254 - 256 )) - ISBN 950-9575-34-8〕〔 The first Underground line was opened on 1 December 1913 and was built by the Anglo-Argentine Tramways Company (''Compañía de Tranvías Anglo-Argentina (CTAA)'', in Spanish), which had been given permission to build in 1909. That line was made up of one of the existing sections of line A, linking the stations of Plaza de Mayo and Plaza Miserere.〔(El primer subte ) - La Nacion, 22 December 2010.〕 On 1 April 1914 the line was expand to Río de Janeiro station and on 1 July was extended to Primera Junta Station. In 1912 the company Lacroze Hermanos won a concession to build another Underground line. This line is the current Line B and was inaugurated on 17 October 1930. The line was originally intended to continue above ground, with the current Federico Lacroze station to be the central terminal of the Buenos Aires Central Railway (today the General Urquiza Railway), however nowadays the overground service forms part of the Urquiza Line instead.〔(Un paseo por la historia del subte ) - Publicable, 22 November 2014.〕 In 1933 the Hispano-Argentina Society of Public Works and Finance (''Hispano–Argentina de Obras Públicas y Finanzas (CHADOPYF)'', in Spanish) began construction of the other Underground lines.〔(Antecedentes, Inicios, Desarrollo de la red y Líneas ) (in Spanish). Retrieved 2010-11-03.〕 Line D was opened in 1939, with Line E following later in 1944. The entire network was centralised and nationalised during the late 1930s under the management of the Transport Corporation of Buenos Aires (CTBA), which in 1952 was absorbed by the Buenos Aires Transport General Administration (AGTBA).〔 In 1963, the administration was dissolved and the Underground network became the property of the ''Subterráneos de Buenos Aires'' company (SBA, later SBASE).〔 In 1994 the service was privatised and is now managed by Metrovías S.A. with the stations remaining the property of SBASE. Privatisation has proved unpopular, with a survey carried out in 2015 indicating that 82% of passengers would like the Underground to be operated by the state instead of a private company.〔(El 82% de los usuarios cree que el Subte debería ser estatal ) - EnElSubte, 26 May 2015.〕 In more recent years, Line A and Line B have been extended westwards, adding a total of 4 stations to each line between 2003 and 2013.〔(Macri inauguró Puán y Carabobo ) - Noticias Urbanas, 23 December 2008.〕〔(Echeverría y Rosas, inauguradas ) (Spanish)〕〔(La línea A de subte estará cerrada desde el 12 de enero al 8 de marzo ) - La Nacion, 4 January 2013.〕During the same period, Line H was opened 2007, making it the first completely new line on the underground since Line E, excluding the Premetro.〔(Línea H ) - Buenos Aires Ciudad〕 File:Buenos Aires - Subte - Construcción de estación Sáenz Peña (1912).png|Construction of Line A under the Avenida de Mayo (1912) File:Victorino de la Plaza Inaugura Subte 1913.JPG|Vice president Victorino de la Plaza opening Line A (1913) File:Estación Sáenz Peña (c. 1915).jpg|Sáenz Peña station (1915) File:Diagonal Norte (ca 1936, AGN).jpg|Entrance to Diagonal Norte station (1936) File:Subterráneos de Buenos Aires - Estación Retiro - Vista de andenes CTCBA.jpg|Retiro station (1940) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Buenos Aires Underground」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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